A computer system components include:
- Central Processing Unit (CPU): Central Processing Unit (CPU) referred to as the brain of the computer, the CPU executes instructions stored in the computer’s memory. It performs arithmetic, logical, control, and input/output operations specified by the instructions.
- Memory (RAM): Random Access Memory (RAM) temporarily stores data and instructions that the CPU needs to process in real-time.
- Storage Devices: These devices store data persistently even when the computer is turned off. Common types include Hard Disk Drives (HDDs), Solid State Drives (SSDs), and increasingly, newer technologies like NVMe SSDs and cloud storage.
- Motherboard: The motherboard is a circuit board that connects and allows communication between all the components of the computer system. It houses the CPU, RAM, storage devices, and other essential components.
- Input Devices: These devices allow users to input data and commands into the computer system. Examples include keyboards, mice, touchscreens, and microphones.
- Output Devices: Output devices display or otherwise present data processed by the computer.
- Graphics Processing Unit (GPU): A specialized processor designed to handle graphics and image processing tasks. GPUs are essential for rendering graphics in video games, visualizations, and other multimedia applications.
- Power Supply Unit (PSU): Converts electrical power from an outlet into a form that the computer’s components can use. It provides the necessary voltages and currents to power the CPU, GPU, drives, and other components.
- Cooling System: Computers generate heat during operation, and a cooling system is necessary to dissipate this heat and prevent components from overheating.
- Operating System (OS): Software that manages the computer’s hardware and provides a user interface for interacting with the system. Popular operating systems include Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, and various Unix-based systems.
These components work together to process data, execute programs, and perform various tasks to fulfill the needs of users and applications.